Fish Dynamics (Middle School)

Pennsylvania Assessment Anchors and Eligible Content: Science Grade 8

S8.A.1: Reasoning and Analysis

• S8.A.1.1.2: Explain how certain questions can be answered through scientific inquiry and/or technological design.

• S8.A.1.2.2: Identify environmental issues and explain their potential long- term health effects (e.g., pollution, pest controls, vaccinations).

S8.A.2: Processes, Procedures, and Tools of Scientific Investigations

• S8.A.2.1.1: Use evidence, observations, or a variety of scales (e.g., mass, distance, volume, temperature) to describe relationships.

• S8.A.2.1.2: Use space/time relationships, define concepts operationally, raise testable questions, or formulate hypotheses.

• S8.A.2.1.3: Design a controlled experiment by specifying how the independent variables will be manipulated, how the dependent variable will be measured, and which variables will be held constant.

• S8.A.2.1.5: Use evidence from investigations to clearly communicate and support conclusions.

• S8.A.2.2.3: Describe ways technology (e.g., microscope, telescope, micrometer, hydraulics, barometer) extends and enhances human abilities for specific purposes.